4 Design Thinking Needs and Outcomes

Transcript

Welcome back, the next lecture for today’s discussion is going to be on “Design Thinking Needs and Outcomes”. Last two lectures I have been emphasizing the need for using a powerful tool to have a non linear thinking to get to an output. So, today we will see Design Thinking Needs and what are the Outcomes? How has it impacted the society and the individual to a sky height? So, Design Thinking is becoming part of organization both big and small who are focusing towards efficient product of service development. So, here the Design Thinking tool is now used both for a small player as well as a big player. For an individual, for a small society for a MSME and for a very large company. MSME means small and medium enterprise, small industries who are trying to make job orders, who are trying to make very small batch product outputs. So, they also use Design Thinking in a big way. So, some of the reasons why we need to use the Design Thinking are:

Design Thinking solves problem. It can be a kitchen problem, It can be a garden problem, It can be a societal problem, It can be a water problem, It can be even large service providing problem. Design Thinking reinforces innovations. Since it is human centric we are always going around doing empathy study for a human being or for a society and develop solutions for it. So, when you develop a solution who is going to buy that solution is the customer. So once an idea is bought by a customer then it becomes an innovative solution. And, here time is also a bound. So, that it means to say you have to deliver output within a stipulated time. Then Design Thinking strengthens leadership, so by using design thinking if you start using Design Thinking you will try to produce good products and you will even try to have a leadership quality. Design Thinking is not only for designers but for other users and common man.

Now, let us see some of the examples where they have used Design Thinking in agriculture based work. So, here Design Thinking solves problem. So, here is a design thinker who has created highly efficient solutions by developing products and services in a way that analytical thinker cannot make. What is Analytical thinking? 2+2=4 is analytical thinking, a Deltax step development is analytical thinking, a completely out of the box thinking is Design Thinking.

So, here a Power Reaper for Rice and Wheat cutting machine was developed by HOPE India. Earlier, they used to do it manual and they used to have a human labour intensive and they were not able to that efficiency. And if you look for higher end machines if you buy, higher end machines they will just finish the entire job of one acre of land in no time. The capital it is highly intensive so the man becomes out of job. So, here in Design Thinking approach we are not only looking just at technology but a human based technology where in which we try to protect the human labour also and give them a benefit of it. The Design Thinking reinforces innovation here by creating new solutions, testing their efficiency and iterating until they are optimized, design thinkers create new opportunities to give their company a competitive advantage on the market. So, if you see here initially they develop this “Drum Seeder”. This Drum Seeder is used for sowing seeds at regular intervals so, this is called the pitch so the distance between one column and the other column, and the other thing is in rows also you have to uniformly maintain distances. So, this was a drum seeder machine which was developed where in which the human luxury was reduced, the productivity was enhanced, and you see here, here they made a small handle and they were trying to pull and if you see look at it very closely you will see here the tyres are schrader if have a smooth tyre it will get merged inside the marshy land. In order to remove the concept of tyre was trying to copy here and they have made threads. These are not threads these are all studs which are all placed at regular intervals so that it can help in ease for removing from the marshy land. A small bit significant innovation like drum seeder would have happen if the design thinker would not keep pushing towards innovation. So this could happen only because he was trying to go around the human centric problem faced and the productivity has to be enhanced. Design Thinking strengthens the leadership. Design Thinking assures that the solution to the organization diverse problems are based on data generated by clients and not by uninformed design team. So here if you see here is a personality so, he has done lot of frugal innovation in agriculture by using Design Thinking approach and establish a several successes. He was in a state where bananas were never grown, today bananas are grown all across the state and it has become a staple food for people around and this is one of the cash crop for that particular state. So, he has done such a fabulous job, he has been appreciated by the country’s president by giving this award. So, Design Thinking leads to also leadership. So the Design Thinking outcomes, I will show you some of the examples: the women used to carry water in the desert area for a very long distance they used to try to take this water. There was always a limitation in the water they can carry and what they carry is to be optimally used for cooking as well as their regular requirements for their complete family. They always used to have water scarcity and they used to have water bound diseases because of scarce of water so the disease which are related to that they use to get into. So, this problem by using Design Thinking approach was solved by converting this pot into a drum and this drum is held in a handle and then woman is trying to pull through easily without much of effort. The amount of water quantity could be increased and this could be pulled. So here the thought process came to this from two places: (i) at similar time in Africa they have developed a similar machine (ii) while watching cricket they used to have these type of rollers to clean. So it was similarly, the idea was taken from cricket match as where in which the ground or the pitch be always be rolled with a heavy mass to make the pitch flattened. So, the idea of taking this roller, water inside the roller was taken from this and this is the Design Thinking outcome. The idea was seen in some other place, a person went around looking into the problem statement and then they have solved it. The other example is Design Thinking approach outcome is replacing a hand sickle with a hand held cutter. Using this hand held sickle, the hand is very flexible. So, it can hold, it orient itself towards cutting. So, now this operation is replaced by a machine where in which the flexibility is given to the hand and still you can do a large cutting by using a blade here. So this blade is again a flexible blade. So it is a wire which can rotate at a very high RPM and now the productivity of the process is improved. And this is again using Design Thinking approach. They have not illuminated a human, they still have a human, they have an improvement in productivity and it is also safe from lot of skin diseases. This is a Design Thinking outcome which has happened in an agricultural area.

The next one is when we are trying to feed a very harmful fertilizers. When the fertilizers are spread or spreading of the fertilizers by the hand, when they do it so here (i) it is random in nature, it is not uniform and it is hazardous to health. So these were the problems faced by a person when he tries to spread fertilizers by hand. So this operation again by using Design Thinking approach was converted into a tank where in which the fertilizer was diluted and then it is now spread or the insect. This is used for disinfecting the farm. So, here again what they have done is they have diluted it, put it inside a container, it has a hand held pump and it can spread uniformly as small atomized particle so that they have a better efficient as compared to this. So, here there will be lot of wastage and residue of the fertilizer gets into the soil or which is very difficult to re circulate or remove this fertilizers. So by using this process they are able to reduce the impact of this fertilizers getting spread into the soil and exactly hit at the plants. So, this is again a Design Thinking approach which is been used and agricultural implements have been developed.

The next one is lack of proper drinking water. See today, there is a big challenge for water and they project that the mixed war across the globe only for water. So drinking water is now becoming a major problem. There is a proverb which they say all around water is there but no water to drink. So that is what is today’s status. We have lot of oceans but these oceans water are not drinkable water. So, drinking water becomes a major challenge and here now lot of people get water bound diseases, so because of these diseases we have lot of people who die and who are affected very badly. So, in order to convert this water into drinkable water there are several solutions. You can use a UV cure filter, you can use a filter which is like rivers osmosis basis. But all those are not energy efficient and a sustainable process. So, here you can see people have done design thinking approach. They have developed filters, these filters are just like a pipe so, you can suck through the water and whatever water comes out of the output is drinkable. So, in this they have planned in such a way the filter will have a restriction for using it for one year and it is also used for somewhere around about 200 to 500 liters of water. So, annually you will have to throw this pipe and buy one more fresh pipe. It is in affordable price and again this is a design thinking outcome which has come where in which the dirty water is converted into drinkable water and that is outcome of design thinking.

The last one is converting muddy water in a slum area into a drinkable water. So in which they have used the concept of bio filter. And these biofilters are sustainable solutions and these are sustainable solutions and they does not use any power, it is a passive solution so the dirty water is placed and it is passed through a biofilter. The output of this biofilter again is here it gives you a drinkable water. So all these things are design thinking outcomes which are demonstrator.

So, with this we will try to conclude the design thinking outcome. So till now what we have covered is – What is design thinking? How it can be used in agricultural implements? What are the different stages of design thinking? And few successful examples using design thinking.

Thank You!