4 Synchronization Using Progesterone and Advantages
Transcript
Greetings friends!
Today we are going to see about the Progestogens in the Estrous Synchronization program. We are going to see about all the types of progesterone used to synchronize Estrous and how the CIDR is used in Estrous Synchronization, followed by how the TRIU-B is used in the Estrous synchronization program. The advantage with this progesterone-based protocol is that, whether the animal is cyclical or non-cyclic the Estrous synchronization can be done. For prostaglandin to be used in the Estrous synchronization program, animals must be cyclical, but when you use progesterone or progesterone, the animal may be in true anestrous, both ovaries are smooth, or animals may be cyclical. So, in these two categories, progesterone can be used to synchronize the estrous, which is the advantage with the progesterone compounds. What progesterone is doing- It is lengthening the Estrous cycle, that is it is lengthening or extending the luteal phase. Normally when the progesterone level goes down at the end of the diestrous, the animal comes to proestrus and it comes to estrous, but instead of going to the proestrus we are extending the luteal phase with the exogenous progesterone, so once the progesterone is withdrawn, exogenous progesterone is withdrawn suddenly, there is a copious amount of secretion of GnRH from Hypothalamus, which in turn stimulates the anterior pituitary to release the FSH. The FSH will act on the Ovary to cause follicular development and again it will start secreting estrogen, which will stimulate LH surge, which will cause Ovulation. This is what happens with the exogenous progesterone administration in the Estrous synchronization program. I told you to know when the progesterone is withdrawn, there is follicular growth, Estrous and ovulation occur. This is the basic fundamental principle involved in the synchronization of the Estrum with the progesterone compounds. Progesterone is available in the form of Injection, it can be given orally, oral preparations are available. It was available in the form of Implant, now it is not available, and it is available as a pessary, Intravaginal pessaries example CIDR (Control Internal Drug Release Device) or TRIU-B. So, all these are Intravaginal treatments or Intravaginal sponges also available. So various preparations are available for our convenience. When the progesterone is used, how it works in the animal. You look at this is the Estrous cycle, normal Estrous cycle, the animal comes to Estrous, Ovulation occurs, this is the ovulation point. You see this is a follicular wave pattern, first wave follicle, second wave follicle then the third wave follicle, it goes like that. So, if you see the progesterone is released from the corpus luteum and it reaches and it reaches and regresses, you look at this in the normal, even when you are doing a synchronization program. When you insert the progesterone, insert here, progesterone containing product here intravaginally or orally or injectable form. It will extend the diestrous phase. Once it is withdrawn, if you remove this exogenous progesterone source, animals come to heat. So, this is what happens during the Estrous synchronization program with Progesterone.
Advantage of using progesterone: Corpus Luteum need not be identified here, the only thing is you must confirm the animal is non-pregnant. All the animals can be administered at the same time when you use the progesterone all the animals can be inserted with CIDR, even if the animal is not cycling, I told already true anestrous animals also can be synchronized with progesterone. All other conditions with the prostaglandins and also applicable to progesterone for success. What all the animals” requirements or management requirements, everything is also held good for progestational compounds. So, the greatest advantage of progestational commodities is, even they can be used in non-cyclical animals or true anestrous animals. So, to induce Estrous in a true anestrous animal, this is the drug of choice available in our hand. So, progesterone injection, how to administer progesterone injection, 50-milligram daily injection or 500 milligrams every 10 days interval, 2 injections at an interval of 10 days. In India we don’t have aqueous preparation of progesterone, so we cannot use aqueous preparation here, so 500 milligrams inject Intramuscularly, 10 days later you inject another 500 milligrams, so within 5 to 7 days animal will come to heat, then you can breed. It is the cheapest treatment; the cost is very low that precision of the Estrous may not be there with injection form. Some animals will come to heat on the third day of the second injection, some animals will express Estroys signs after the first injection itself after three to four days of the first injection. Few animals will inject will come to heat, five days after the second injection like that the close synchrony will not be there with the injection form of progesterone. But injections are available in the name of P[1]Depot, Duraprogen, and Prolutil. So, all these are available in the market you can use them for the Estrous Synchronization program in cows.
This is about oral progesterone, it is available as a MAP, CAP, and MGA.
MAP means — 6 methyl- 17 acetoxy progesterone, 500 mg daily it is given in the food orally for 21 days.
CAP means — 6 chloro- 6 dihydro-17 acetoxy progesterone, 100 mg/day for about the whole length of the Estrous cycle you have to give.
Then MGA means — Melengesterol Acetate, another oral form of progestogens, it is given in the feed for 9 days.
However, there are two types of therapies with progestogens, if you administer orally, all animals will not take an equal dose and a prolonged administration like this long-term projection therapy will cause a defect in the sperm transport, it will affect the sperm transport, it will affect the cleavage process. So, it will affect the consumption rate. So, to avoid this type of continuous therapy, long-term progesterone therapy, we have to use short-term progesterone therapy, but we are not using oral progesterone therapy nowadays in our country. The advantage of oral progesterone therapy is that it is simple to Implement, Inexpensive and Heifers do not have to be handled. Although these advantages are there, long-term progesterone therapy will affect the sperm transport, cleavage process, and consumption rate. So next very important drug is this, Controlled Internal Drug Releasing Device (CIDR), it contains 1.38 gram of progesterone, natural progesterone, it is inserted in the vagina and I told you when it is alone kept in the vagina it should be kept for a longer period 13 to 15 days, but it is combined with PGF2 Alpha or GnRH, you can reduce the length of treatment in CIDR therapy. I will tell you later. It is kept in the vagina for 9 days and 8th day we have to give PGF2 Alpha and on the 9th day, you remove it, On the 11th day we can go for AI that is 48 hours after the CIDR removal, and 72 hours after the CIDR removal you can do AI. When you use prostaglandin alone, you are doing AI at 72 and 96 hours. When you use a CIDR, we are doing AI at 48 hours to 72 hours after the withdrawal. First, you have to do a Rectal examination, the animal must be non-pregnant, and you can differentiate whether the animal is cyclical or non-cyclical also because the cyclical animal will have more consumption rate than anestrous animals. Next is the CIDR, which contains natural process progesterone 1.38 gram, and this is the applicator provided with the CIDR.
Next is we have to insert like this the T-shaped end should be folded together, it should be inserted inside the applicator, this tail portion will be hanging then after application of CIDR into the applicator, you sterilize the CIDR with poured on Iodine, it not only sterilizes or cleans the CIDR applicator but also it will prevent the infections. This is the protruding portion of this CIDR, this is the tail portion of the CIDR, this is the applicator with CIDR. Then we have to restrain the animal properly, mostly we will be doing in the rural part, so the strong tree can be used to restrain the animal, wash the external genitalia with water. Then wipe the external genitalia very nicely, then evert the vulvar lips, it is inserted into the vagina like this then one single jerk it should be pushed and suddenly you have to remove the applicator, after removing the applicator we have to cut the tail portion to about to 6 centimeters. So, the whole length need not be there.
Another form of the vaginal insert containing progesterone is a TRIU-B, it has 1,2,3,4 ring, so each green ring has 186-milligram progesterone, and the white color is a dummy. Only these 3 are enough. Additionally, one more pink color ring is there, it is 400 mg Progesterone containing a thing. So, it should be inserted into the vagina, before that we have to load this TRIU-B inside the applicator, insert fully then, after insertion it will be like this. This is the cylinder or applicator, and another plunger is there, after inserting into the vagina, we have to push the TRIU-B inside the vagina, then the tail portion will be hanging. It should be cut only leaving a 6 centimeter from the vulva.
Friends, so far, we have seen how to apply CIDR in animals and how long it should be kept in the vagina followed by how you have to apply TRIU-B for the Estrous Synchronization program. We will stop here; we will continue with the CIDR in combination with other hormones in the next class for Estrous synchronization.
Thank you!
