5 Treatment for Early Embryonic Mortality

Transcript

Dear veterinarians,

We have started the Treatment aspects of repeat breeding syndrome in cows and buffaloes, today we will continue with yesterday’s class.

We are starting with the Improper estrous detection and Untimely insemination: It is a major factor causing repeat breeding syndrome, we will see how to tackle it. Embryonic mortality is a natural way of eliminating unwanted genotypes at a low biological cause. So sometimes we need not favour embryonic development also in some cases, because the congenital or heredity anomaly may develop. The important thing in the field as far as repeat breeding is concerned is the improper estrous detection and untimely insemination is the major cause of repeat breeding syndrome, it comes under managemental cause, so improper estrous detection and untimely insemination is the major cause, so this cause can be avoided by using the estrous induction and synchronization program.

Two principles are there: one is Shortening the luteal phase another one is extending the luteal phase. Shortening the luteal phase with PGF2 Alpha, Extending the luteal phase with Progesterone treatment. On the 10th day, how to induce in, suppose one or two animals are brought, so 10th day you ask the owner to bring the animal, 10th day means 10 days after the estrous. Palpate the corpus luteum in the ovary, then give PGF2 Alpha intramuscularly, then after 72 hours, you do AI at 96 hours. At the time of doing AI, at 72 hours, you can give GnRH 2.5 ml or corion or hCG 1500IU intramuscularly.

The very important thing I told already, the importance of minerals in the etiology, there are important 7 minerals: Copper, Zinc, Iron, Cobalt, Selenium, Manganese, Magnesium, all these minerals all in bolus, or in the form of powder, so that can be supplemented when you start the therapy. Before starting any therapy for repeat breeders, you give mineral mixture for at least 10 to 15 days, but continuously you have to supplement minerals orally so that your treatment response will be improved. Already I told you, they act as coenzymes for the production of hormones and if it is a heifer showing repeatedly repeat breeding syndrome problem, you have to test the dung material for the presence of parasitic ova and if there is a parasitic ova presence, you can do deworming according to the type of egg found in the dung. Then after doing AI irrespective of whether it is a normal animal or repeat breeding animal, do Clitoral massage for 4-5 seconds, Clitoral massage can be done for 4-5 seconds after AI, which will improve the conception rate because it is set to produce the effect through the advancement of LH surge by 4 hours. What is LH surge? The LH surge is important for the final maturation of the follicle in ovulation, I told you ovulation defects cause embryonic failure that is fertilization failure, so the clitoral massage, simple clitoral massage will improve the conception rate in repeat breeding cows.

Now we are moving to how to prevent repeat breeding syndrome in cattle. Ensure the proper timing of AI, I told you the best time of breeding is from mid to late estrum or 12 hours after the onset of estrum. So any early insemination or very delayed insemination may cause repeat breeding syndrome. Ensure that the insemination techniques are proper, that is you should ensure the quality of the semen, proper deposition of the semen in the proper site i.e, the body of the uterus. You should not deposit the semen in the horn with the enthusiasm that we will advance the sperm migration, it is not correct. Suppose ovulation takes place in the right ovary if you are inseminating in the left horn, then there will be a fertilization failure, so always inseminate the cow within the body of the uterus, and you should not damage the endometrium at the time of AI, that may cause endometritis and the production of prostaglandin PGF2 Alpha, then the conception failure.

Then animals should not be inseminated, when it is early pregnant, many many of the veterinarians are the other fellows, neglecting the early pregnancy and doing AI because early pregnant uterus will develop tonicity that will confuse the estrous. So early pregnancy should be detected properly to avoid repeat breeding syndrome. Identify and treat the cow with abnormal discharge before doing artificial insemination and all uterine infections should be settled, then only we should do AI.

Don’t start breeding too soon after calving, some animals may come to heat within 25 days, 30 days give one cycle rest, plan for next cycle, that is you should give a gap of 45 to 60 days after the calving in many many crossbred animals. So that is also very important for proper involution of the uterus.

Next, minimize the stress at AI. In our experience, we found doorstep AI has increased conception rate, then when the animals are brought to the veterinary hospitals. So don’t make the animal walk for a long distance and do AI instead, you can do doorstep AI to improve the conception rate.

Dear friends, in the series of lectures we have discussed the Definition, Etiological factors, various Diagnostic procedures, Clinical signs, and Managemental practices to be followed for treating or alleviating repeat breeding syndrome in cows and buffaloes. I think all the classes will be useful to you and if you have any doubts in the future, don’t hesitate to contact me at this address and you can contact me through email or mobile.

Thank you very much. I Thank one and all.