5 Control

Transcript

Welcome! to lesson-5 before that the last class that is lesson-4 we have seen about the

How to administer IV calcium, subcutaneous calcium, and oral supplementation of calcium in Hypocalcemia animals, and

How the animal immediately responds to your IV calcium like there is a relief of bloat, immediate urination, defecation, and the animal will walk and

Apart from that Failure to respond to Treatment and there is sudden death during Calcium administration due to cardiac arrest how do prevent and

General Management of recumbent cow we have seen in the last class. and In this class we are going to see about:

How to prevent the occurrence of Hypocalcemia because this is the major part, we need to educate the farmers.

So, it is only a dietary error, Hypocalcemia occurs mainly due to dietary error only. So, the farmers may be giving a calcium excess calcium during a dry cow and after that, it may lead to Hypocalcemia.

So mainly dietary management plays a major role in the prevention and control of Hypocalcemia. So usually, the farmers give excess calcium during dry cow, so optimum Calcium should be supplemented in the dry cow ration as well as optimum Phosphorus that should not be more phosphorus in the diet, as well as dietary Potassium level, should be reduced because excess potassium may predispose an animal to go for Hypocalcemia and then adequate the Magnesium should be supplemented in the ration. So apart from that the addition of a zeolite that is aluminum chloride and sodium along with so it will increase the an-ion content of the diet and improve the calcium absorption. So, the DCAD plays a major role in the control of Hypocalcemia, so farmers should be educated and the importance of the addition of elements and the avoidance of a certain element. so, the dietary an-ions like the addition of chloride and the sulfur-containing elements in the diet will prevent the occurrence of Hypocalcemia in a parturient cow.

Apart from the administration of vitamin D3 which is 10 million units per cow, approximately one week prior to calving a single intramuscular injection may prevent the occurrence of Hypocalcemia in a parturient cow.

Apart from the oral supplementation of vitamin D3 is also suggested prior to calving and Supplementation of calcium chloride now all the calcium supplementations should be started at the time of calving or after calving. So daily 50 grams of calcium supplementation in the form of a mineral mixture prevents the occurrence of calcium.

To avoid the excess influx of calcium in the colostrum so partial milking is suggested in recently cowed/calved animals in addition to other insufflation during the first day of lactation will reduce the need for calcium in the form of milk. and

The most important part of control is the addition of a balanced mineral mixture during the different stages of lactating and gestation period of cattle.

So, the TANVAS mineral mixture is formulated in such a way to meet the demand for calcium during the dry cow period, at the time of calving, and post-calving, During the lactation period, liberal supplementation of this mineral mixture will prevent the occurrence of Hypocalcemia in dairy cattle.

As a whole in summary the important points to be remembered in Hypocalcemia or Milk fever:

• The parturient paresis mainly occurs in multiparous dairy cattle and
• subclinical Hypocalcemia is common in 50%of dairy cattle causing severe economic loss to the dairy industry.
• It mainly occurs in Jersey breeds of cattle because of the genetic predisposition and
• this Hypocalcemia occurs due to altered calcium homeostasis,
• the hormones involved in the homeostasis are Parathamron hormone and vitamin D3 and
• the organs involved in the homeostasis Kidney, Intestine, Bone and
• Why there is Hypocalcemia in recently called animals is mainly due to there is an imbalance between dietary input and output of Calcium in the form of milk, so mainly it occurs due to reduced intestinal absorption, reduced reception of bone, and then the genetic predisposition of the cattle.
• so the calcium is mainly required for skeletal and smooth muscle contractility, so reduced calcium causes a flaccid paralysis and there is reduced cardiac activity, reduced cardiac output, and a peripheral circulatory failure,
• so according to the level of calcium and the clinical signs are classified as stage-1 characterized by stage of excitement and standing posture,
• stage-2 it’s a become sternal recurrency with the lateral thinking of a head and neck there’ll be bloat and it’s difficult to raise the jugular vein, scanty feces, pupillary dilatation and
• finally the stage-3 characterized by lateral recumbency, the animals are comatose and the animals are if untreated it becomes it will die within 12 hours of time. and
• How to Diagnose Hypocalcemia, mainly by estimation of Serum Calcium. if possible Ionized Calcium that is less than the 8-milligram percentage of calcium. It’s an indication of a Hypocalcemia and then the
• Management mainly the supplementation of calcium borrow gluconate and the thumb rule for the dose is a one gram per 45 kg body weight and there will be a rapid intravenous administration of calcium. Always a cardiac assault disease must to monitor the cardiac arrhythmia and there will be an immediate response after IV calcium the animal will have improved muscular activity, there will be immediate urination, and there will be muscle fasciculation on the hindquarter, and there will be belching recitation, reflex gets stimulated, relief of bloat, and cardiac intensity increases, and the animal will work. and
• There will be a poor response, or the animal may die during calcium administration due to increased sensitivity of cardiac muscles to calcium due to various reasons.
• Sometimes recurrent Hypocalcemia is common in dairy cattle it’s called calcium cyclers and they should be managed by IV calcium followed by subcutaneous calcium also. and
• then at last how to Control the occurrence of Hypocalcemia in dairy cattle are we need to educate the farmers and they should give a balanced mineral mixture during a dry cow as well as after calving. They should reduce the excess calcium feeding and excess phosphorous feeding before calving and after calving sufficient calcium should be supplemented in the form of a mineral mixture.

So with this module on Hypocalcemia, I conclude.

Thank you one and all!