3 Downers due to Metabolic Syndrome

Transcript

So dear veterans I welcome you all for this third lesson greetings to everyone. So, in the last class we have seen in detail about the clinical examination of the downer cow and also the biochemical, what are the biochemical parameters you have to Examine, I mean go you go for a review in case of downer cows.

In this we will be seeing about the downer cows due to metabolic disorders. So Downer cow due to metabolic disorders you can come across hypocalcemia, Hypophosphatemia, and hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia. These are the four conditions will be coming across in the field conditions. For example the recently in milk fever in hypocalcemia it occurs within 72 hours of the calving. So, most of the time it occurs mostly around the 72 hours within calving period and the animal may be recumbent and the history will be very much obvious after calving animal will go for recumbency. In the early stage there will be shifting of the both the high limbs, the animal may be in restlessness and protrusion of the tongue will be there, then animal will be showing the teeth and the next the animal will be going for recumbency. So here and after recumbency the animal if it is not treated, if it is not attended, the animal may go for sternal recumbency and the head is turned towards the flank region and the animal will be going for the third stage of milk fever. In the third stage of milk fever the animal will be in the lateral recumbency and in case of milk fever hypercalcemia the anal sprinters are very much relaxed and the corneal reflux is completely absent and the pupil will be dilated. So, these are all the symptoms we will be assessing in detail I mean very easy to diagnose the milk fever in field conditions and you will be treating the cases with Calcium Borogluconate. When you diagnose the case as a downer cow I mean the downer cow due to hypocalcemia you are giving Calcium Borogluconate half dose IV and half dose subcutaneous and immediately the animal responds well to the hypocalcemia, and the animal becomes normal.

And here we will see some of the science which are response to the Calcium. When you are giving calcium to the animal some response should be there and that is the animal belching. Belching will be there and the muscle tremors will be there and muscle tremors will be there the animal will void urine, the animal will void dung will be there and Slightly, there will be development, I mean increase in the amplitude of the, pulse will be there and increasing the intensity of the heart sounds will be there, and the sweating of the muscle will be there, and defecation will be there, the animal will void dung. These are all the positive signs of calcium. Even when you are giving calcium if you are not able to go for any response to the calcium the animal is not voiding Urine, the animal is not voiding dung, then you have to re-evaluate your diagnosis, then that is the case, not a case of Hypocalcemia. So, whenever you are administering calcium you have to keep it in mind some response to these were for calcium treatment the animal should void urine and they pass the dung. If it is not passing the dung or urine you have to re-evaluate your diagnosis and, if it is not responding to the calcium treatment it could be a case of Toxemia, it could be a case of Septicemia, it could be a case of Peritonitis, Metritis and Rumen Acidosis. All these things you have to evaluate by doing the clinical examination. For example, in acidosis you will be having fluid splashing sound in the rumen and the animal will be passing semi-solid dung so that you can easily identify the Rumen Acidosis. And Relapses, in some cases the animal may get up again it will lie down and if you are giving calcium the animal may get up again it will lie down, or sometimes it may not get up so animal will be completely recumbent. Even after giving calcium that will be Recumbency means in the sternal Recumbent, always in the sternal recumbency. The animal may be taking feed and everything Normal, but they’re not able to stand so you have to think about the two things one thing Hypophosphatemia and another thing is Sternal I mean Musculoskeletal disorders. So, you can apply you can in the relapses cases you can ask the owners to have a partial milking don’t go for the complete milking and oral administration of the calcium can be given for the follow-up cases and Oral and subcutaneous administration of the calcium can be given for lapsing cases of hypocalcemia and re-evaluate the cases in some aged factor age factor also involved in the relapses of the downer cow due to Hypocalcemia.

In hypophosphatemia the animal will be everything will be normal it may respond to the calcium treatment one shot ways again it may go for downer I mean the recumbency it cannot be able to get up, all other signs will be normal, vitals will be normal, so in such a cases you have to go for supplementation of Phosphorus, oral phosphorus. So, we have the best thing is the supplementation of the oral phosphorus which is inorganic in nature. So you can supplement inorganic phosphorus so that it is more efficacy in case of ruminants that is sodium dihydrogen Orthophosphate. So, you can give sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate 100 to 150 gram orally so that will be very much effective for correcting the Hypophosphatemia. After supplementing sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate the phosphorous level will be elevated in the blood so that the animal become normal and just if you can manage the animal to just lift the animal and keep the animal in the sling or just if you are supporting the animal to get up it will get up from the it will recover well from hypophosphatemia.

And, here in this picture you can able to see the animal is in the Lateral Recumbency. Unsuccessful treatment you have treated with all the calcium, phosphorus everything but the animal is not responding to your treatment. You think about hypokalemia. Hypokalemia means low potassium level in the blood. So here the animal is the lateral recumbency. When you are lifting the neck the neck muscle weakness will be there. The animal cannot able to lift the neck so, the animal may be in the lateral recumbency. See this is a picture of hypokalemia due to the lateral recumbency and here the animal is in the head is turned towards the flank. Even after treating with the calcium, phosphorus Everything, the animal is not responding to the treatment. Here the animal head is turned towards the flank region because of low level of potassium in the blood serum, that is hypokalemia. So in hypokalemia muscle weakness will be there, neck muscle weakness will be there. So that is a clear indication of hypokalemia. So here also you can able to see the lateral kink of the neck because of the muscular Weakness, the muscle weakness, the animal cannot be able to maintain the posture of the neck. So here you can supplement potassium chlorate syrup, for example in hypokalemia cases you can supplement potassium chloride powders. I mean potassium chloride is there you can supplement 100 gram orally in drinking water or you can supplement potassium chlorate syrup are available in the market that potassium chloride syrup you can give orally so that the animal will get will recover very eventfully. So, for example potassium chlorate are available for IV preparations also, ampules are Available. So, you can give this IV preparation 0.5 million percent body weight but the disadvantage in this iv preparation is that you have to take care very, you have to give it very very very slowly if you are giving very fast it will lead to arrhythmia the animal will collapse immediately. So, you have to take precautions during administration of potassium chloride in iv preparation. Normally we used to give IV preparation in the normal saline. So 0.5 milli equivalent per kg body weight you have to calculate and and it should be mixed with the normal saline not more than 20 to 30 ml in a normal saline sachet so that you can avoid untoward reactions. If you are not comfortable or not confident in the administration of potassiu m chlorate IV better, you can go for oral preparation of potassium chloride powders or potassium chloride syrup that is the best thing and avoid IV preparations because it will lead to cardiac arrhythmia. So, you have to take precautions in this one. So here in this picture you can able to see the Oral rehydration therapy we are giving the electrolytes for the recumbent cow and the animal will become recover very eventfully.

So, in this lesson we have seen about the downer cows due to hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia and hypokalemia in detail under the treatment of these Metabolic disorders. So, in the fourth lesson we will be seeing about the downer cows due to other etiological cases not we have seen about the metabolic in the fourth lesson we will be seeing the downer cows due to other etiological factors in detail.

Thank you!