4 Right Displacement of Abomasum

Transcript

Dear vets,

Greetings to all!

In the last class, we have discussed the Left displacement of Abomasum Etiopathogenesis, Clinical signs, Treatment, and Differential diagnosis.

In this class, we are going to discuss, the Right displacement of Abomasum, when compared to the Left displacement, Right displacement is very very rare. The left displacement of Abomasum is most commonly associated with the calving, that too 3-6 weeks after calving is going to develop, but in the case of Right displacement, it is also be associated with the calving and it is also unassociated with the calving. Right displacement of Abomasum always is combined with the volvulus, so if on the right-side ping sound is there, we have to suspect for the right displacement of Abomasum. It is mainly due to the Atony of the Abomasum.

Pathogenesis: it is mainly the Atony of the Abomasum leads to accumulation of the fluid and gas and it will be slowly distending and it will be displaced caudal to the normal position and there is a lot of secretion of HCl hydrochloric acid, Sodium chloride, and the electrolytes other Potassium into the Abomasum. It is leading to muscular weakness because of metabolic alkalosis, hypochloremia, hypokalemia. Any Abomasum involvement, there will be metabolic alkalosis, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, that is electrolyte and acid-base imbalances. There may be severe dehydration, this should be noticed in the RDA.

The Clinical signs are:

• Anorexia to inappetence,
• depression
• dehydration: the animal is going to develop dehydration
• the right side paralumbar fossa is distended
• you have to go for percussion and auscultation of the right side distended area usually the right displacement of Abomasum is wider in the area when compared to the other areas of ping sound,
• there is a decreased quantity of dung voiding,
• a drop in milk production both LDA and RDA Abomasals there will be a drop in milk yield
• The rumen will be static and doughy in nature
• Rectal examination: you can feel the blind end of the Abomasum, you can palpitate.

Diagnosis is mainly based on the combined percussion and auscultation of the right paralumbar fossa.

(showing picture in the slide) In this picture you are seeing the Right side ping area, here you are seeing that the wider cranial to caudal up to the middle area middle third of the right paralumbar fossa wider area is in involved means that is due to right displacement of Abomasum. More caudal and more upper quadrant means, there may be a chance of Caecal Volvulus and Spiral colon.

Ultrasonography examination of the Abomasum on the 9th to 12th intercostal pair in the midline of the right paralumbar fossa will reveal a hyperechoic wall with hypocrite content. So that area you have to locate, we need to go for the Liptak test. Liptak test is confirming both LDA and RDA, wherever you are getting a ping sound on combined percussion and auscultation, we need to rule out whether it is the involvement of the Abomasum by doing the Liptak test.

So here also you are puncturing the area of ping and collecting the liquid from the Abomasum. The pH and protozoa motility will be assessed the pH will be 2-4, the protozoa motility will be nil, so that is confirming the RDA. Suppose in case of Caecal dilatation and Spiral colon involvement that won’t be there, the Liptak test is negative.

Differential diagnosis: it should be differentially diagnosed with the right-side ping areas like

• Caecal dilatation,
• Ascending colon,
• Pneumoperitoneum,
• Impaction of the Abomasum,
• Abomasum ulcers, and
• Fetal dropsy conditions.

Suppose right side distention is there you can think about the dropsical condition of the fetus also either Hydramnios or Hydrallantois.

Treatment:

• 500 ml of Calcium borogluconate because here the hypomotility of the Abomasum is one of the reasons for the displacement so if you are improving the motility or that smooth muscle contraction by giving Calcium borogluconate, it will be altered or it will go to the original position.
• Then you have to provide adequate good quality hay because the hay more of salivation, it will buffer and it reduces the acidity,
• grain feedings to be discontinued for a while,
• fluid therapy either intravenously or oral is to be given for 2-3 days,
• Mineral oils, so you can also evacuate the content by giving mineral oils 5-10 liters per day you can give either liquid paraffin or vegetable oils also can give,
• Antacids: Magnesium hydroxide, you can give 500 grams per hourly, which will help for neutralizing the more acidity, and
• Hyocine-n-butyl bromide; it’s a pain killer that can also be administered to animals that are affected with the right displacement of Abomasum.

So far, we have discussed the Right displacement of Abomasum in this class, in this lesson. and the next class we are going to discuss the Abomasal Atony and Abomasal tympany or Abomasal Impaction.

Thank you!